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ZSheets'-Sheet1. H. B. CHESS. A N N E A L I N G F U R N A C E.No.186,404. Paten' t e d J a..n.16,1877.

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HARvEIrBJoHEss, 0F PITTSBURG PENNSYLV NI IMPROVEMENT INAnivEAtiNe-FneNA-cizs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 186,404, datedJanuarylfi, 1877 application filed December 8, 1876. i

Tod wlwmi't may concern:

Be it known. that 1, HARVEY B. Guess, of

.Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, have invented oertain new andusefullmprovements in Fur .naces for annealing nails, IIVBtjSySPlkBS',and.

analogous articles, of which the following is a clear, full, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, male. inga part of this specification, in which-*- Figure 1 is a perspective viewof an annealing furnace with my improvements at tached Fig. 2 is avertical longitudinal section through a: w. is a horizontal see Myinvention relates to furnaces for annealing nails, rivets, spikes, andanalogous articles; and it consists in the several cornbinations ofdevices hereinafter explained and claimed.

To'enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe the exact manner in which I have carried it out. i I

In the drawings, A represents an annealing-furnace provided withfire-chamber B and combustion-chamber U. The bars I) of thefire-chamberare arranged sloping down- Ward from the stoke-hole D, which is placedin the rear of the furnace, or as far as possible from the bridge-wallE, for the purpose hereinafter explained. By thus sloping the grate-barsI facilitate the movement and distribution of the fuel, and aid insecuring airtightness at the bridge, where otherwise much free air mightenter and go over unmixed.

The stoke-hole is placed at the greatest distance from the bridge inorder to prevent, as far as possible, unmixed air from passingover thebridge and coming in contact with the goods being annealed, and thusprevent seal ing and discoloring the nails by oxidation.

Heretofore nails or other small articles have been placed in pans,canisters, or mufflers, open or closed, and these have been placed inthe various kinds of furnaces, and then been withdrawn while heated tobe cooled preparatory to being disposed of, or the whole furnace withits contents has been allowed to cool down for the convenientdisposition of the goods; or the nails have been treated in areverberatory furnace, being introduced at one side andwithdrawn whenheated byscrap- 'ing thern'out at the opposite side. These severalsystems are objectionable, as they involve an intermission of the workof annealthe foot of this sloping plate is a valve or door, G, swingingon or from the bridge, capable'of being raised andsupported snugly onaplane with the plate, or to be held partiallyor entirely openbymeans ofany suitable device. The plate F supported by an arch of non-conductingbrickor other work,

H, and below this arch I place the cooling-v chamber I, provided with aplated floor, J, i

the forward portion of which is perforated, as

shown in Fig. 3. Below the perforated portion of the floor J is placed apit or'receptaole, R, capable of being made air-tight or nearly so,which is the case with the coolingchalnber when the doors or openingsinto it are closed.

At the foot of the sloping plate F I. place the door K for the removalof. mufflers or pans from the furnace, should it at any time bedesirable to use mufflers or pans, but ordinarily the door K is closedand luted. At the front of the combustion-chamber,and farthest from thebridge, rises the chimney L, and at its base, but outside of it, I placethe door M, through which are introduced the goods to be annealed. Atthis point is secured the mouth or hopper N for convenience of receivingthe nails. A corresponding door, n, with a chute, is attached to thefloor J for the discharge of the nails from the furnace after beingtreated in the cooling-chamber I. Both these doors are kept closedexcept when actually in use.

The operation of my furnace is as follows: The furnace being heated, thenails or other articles are introduced through the doorM and pushed Welldown the plate F. When those nearest the bridge wall E are sufficientlyheated the valve or door Gr is opened and the nails are gently pushedoff the sloping plate F into the cooling-chamber. The valve G is thenagain closed, the ozher nails are moved further down the slope, andfresh ones introduced at the mouth and through the door M. Thus theoperation of annealing is continuous until the chamber I is well filledwith the cooling nails. It is evident that the sloping position of theplate F enables the operator to remove the heated nails into thecooling-chamber without bending or distorting them, as is apt to be thecase when the heated nails are dragged or forced over a horizontalsurface. -As the nails are introduced at a point back of the chimneythrough the only opening in the fur nace demanded for their management,it is evident that no free or oxidizing air can sweep over the heatednails to scale and discolor them.

been gradually brought up to their: properheat they are at oncewithdrawn from the action of the tire and allowed to anneal in anapproximately air-tight receptacle, and thus is avoided thatdiscoloration which is always the result of open air or furnace cooling.

- 7 Room is made in the cooling-chamber for the falling nails bydragging those forward packed into kegs for market.

toward the door a which have fallen near the bridge and'partiall ycooled. After a sufiicicnt time has elapsed (several hours it may be)the nails are withdrawn through the door a and They are alsosufficiently cool to be available for other purposes or processes. Theperforations in the floor of the cooling-chamber permit the dust orscale to sift through from the nails as they are being drawn out.

Having thus explained my invention, what 'I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is r l. The combustion chamber 0, providedwith a sloping bottom, and the valve G, in combination with thecooling-chamber I, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The cooling-chamber I, provided on its bottom with the perforatedplate J, in combination with the combustion chamber (3, valve G, and apit for receiving the dust and scales, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

3. An annealing-furnace, provided with a sloping bottom, F, sloping fromthe charge opening downward toward the bridge-wall, the valve G, and thedischarge opening K in the side of the furnace opposite the valve,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

HARVEY B. CHESS.

Witnesses:

W. G. CHARLTO A. SMITH.

